Chemicals and Drugs

NADPH Oxidases

A family of membrane-associated flavoprotein NADPH-dependent oxidoreductases that catalyze the univalent reduction of OXYGEN to create SUPEROXIDES. Structurally, they are characterized by six N-terminal transmembrane ALPHA-HELICES, a FLAVIN-ADENINE DINUCLEOTIDE (FAD)-binding region, and a C-terminal NADPH-binding region. They are expressed primarily by EPITHELIAL CELLS in gut, kidney, colon, and smooth muscle tissues, as well as GRANULOCYTES and function to transfer electrons across membranes to molecular oxygen. Defects in the production of superoxide ions by some NADPH oxidases result in GRANULOMATOUS DISEASE, CHRONIC.

National Library of MedicineMedical Subject Headings2026

Structured Summary

Abstract

A family of membrane-associated flavoprotein NADPH-dependent oxidoreductases that catalyze the univalent reduction of OXYGEN to create SUPEROXIDES. Structurally, they are characterized by six N-terminal transmembrane ALPHA-HELICES, a FLAVIN-ADENINE DINUCLEOTIDE (FAD)-binding region, and a C-terminal NADPH-binding region. They are expressed primarily by EPITHELIAL CELLS in gut, kidney, colon, and smooth muscle tissues, as well as GRANULOCYTES and function to transfer electrons across membranes to molecular oxygen. Defects in the production of superoxide ions by some NADPH oxidases result in GRANULOMATOUS DISEASE, CHRONIC.

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Synonyms

6 entry terms
  • NAD(P)H Oxidases
  • NAD(P)H oxidase
  • NADPH Oxidase
  • Nox Proteins
  • Oxidase, NADPH
  • Oxidases, NADPH

MeSH Record

Aspects Covered

29 allowable subheadings

Indexed with the subheadings administration & dosage, adverse effects, analysis, antagonists & inhibitors, biosynthesis, blood, cerebrospinal fluid, chemical synthesis, chemistry, classification, deficiency, drug effects, economics, genetics, history, immunology, isolation & purification, metabolism, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology, physiology, poisoning, radiation effects, standards, supply & distribution, therapeutic use, toxicity, ultrastructure, urine.

MeSH Record

History Note

2018 (1997)

MeSH Record

Previous Indexing

  • NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases (1979-1996)
  • NADP (1972-1980)
  • Oxidoreductases (1972-1978)

MeSH Hierarchy

Tree Numbers

  1. D08.811w.682w.608.575
  2. D12.776w.331w.894
  3. D12.776w.543w.653

AMA Style

References

  1. National Library of Medicine. NADPH Oxidases. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH). 2026. Unique ID D019255. http://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/2026/D019255
  2. NADPH Oxidases. In: Wikidata. https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q97651124