Chemicals and Drugs

SAM Domain and HD Domain-Containing Protein 1

A host restriction triphosphorylhydrolase and dNTPase that contains an N-terminal STERILE ALPHA MOTIF and central, conserved ASPARTATE and HISTIDINE (HD) domain. It acts on single-stranded RNA, yielding deoxynucleosides and triphosphate, and functions in anti-viral defense through its dNTPase activity, reducing cellular dNTP levels below what is required for retroviral reverse transcription in DENDRITIC CELLS and MYELOID CELLS. It also has RIBONUCLEASE activity which blocks early replication of retroviruses such as HIV-1. Mutations in the SAMHD1 gene are associated with type 5 Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome (AGS5) and type 2 chilblain LUPUS (CHBL2).

National Library of MedicineMedical Subject Headings2026

Structured Summary

Abstract

A host restriction triphosphorylhydrolase and dNTPase that contains an N-terminal STERILE ALPHA MOTIF and central, conserved ASPARTATE and HISTIDINE (HD) domain. It acts on single-stranded RNA, yielding deoxynucleosides and triphosphate, and functions in anti-viral defense through its dNTPase activity, reducing cellular dNTP levels below what is required for retroviral reverse transcription in DENDRITIC CELLS and MYELOID CELLS. It also has RIBONUCLEASE activity which blocks early replication of retroviruses such as HIV-1. Mutations in the SAMHD1 gene are associated with type 5 Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome (AGS5) and type 2 chilblain LUPUS (CHBL2).

MeSH Record

Classification

Broader headings

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MeSH Record

Synonyms

4 entry terms
  • SAMHD1 Deoxynucleoside Triphosphate Triphosphohydrolase
  • SAMHD1 Protein
  • SAMHD1 dNTPase
  • SAM Domain and HD Domain Containing Protein 1

MeSH Record

Aspects Covered

29 allowable subheadings

Indexed with the subheadings administration & dosage, adverse effects, analysis, antagonists & inhibitors, biosynthesis, blood, cerebrospinal fluid, chemical synthesis, chemistry, classification, deficiency, drug effects, economics, genetics, history, immunology, isolation & purification, metabolism, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology, physiology, poisoning, radiation effects, standards, supply & distribution, therapeutic use, toxicity, ultrastructure, urine.

MeSH Record

History Note

2018

MeSH Record

Previous Indexing

  • Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins (2004-2017)

MeSH Hierarchy

Tree Numbers

  1. D08.811w.277w.040w.725w
  2. D08.811w.277w.352w.700w.843w
  3. D12.776w.066.375w

AMA Style

References

  1. National Library of Medicine. SAM Domain and HD Domain-Containing Protein 1. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH). 2026. Unique ID D000076106. http://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/2026/D000076106
  2. SAM Domain and HD Domain-Containing Protein 1. In: Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SAMHD1
  3. SAM Domain and HD Domain-Containing Protein 1. In: Wikidata. https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21105865