Anatomy

Astrocytes

A class of large neuroglial (macroglial) cells in the central nervous system - the largest and most numerous neuroglial cells in the brain and spinal cord. Astrocytes (from star cells) are irregularly shaped with many long processes, including those with end feet which form the glial (limiting) membrane and directly and indirectly contribute to the BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER. They regulate the extracellular ionic and chemical environment, and reactive astrocytes (along with MICROGLIA) respond to injury.

National Library of MedicineMedical Subject Headings2026

Structured Summary

Abstract

A class of large neuroglial (macroglial) cells in the central nervous system - the largest and most numerous neuroglial cells in the brain and spinal cord. Astrocytes (from star cells) are irregularly shaped with many long processes, including those with end feet which form the glial (limiting) membrane and directly and indirectly contribute to the BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER. They regulate the extracellular ionic and chemical environment, and reactive astrocytes (along with MICROGLIA) respond to injury.

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Classification

Broader headings

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See Also

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Synonyms

9 entry terms
  • Astroglia
  • Astroglia Cells
  • Astroglial Cells
  • Astrocyte
  • Astroglia Cell
  • Astroglial Cell
  • Astroglias
  • Cell, Astroglia
  • Cell, Astroglial

MeSH Record

Aspects Covered

15 allowable subheadings

Indexed with the subheadings chemistry, classification, cytology, drug effects, enzymology, immunology, metabolism, microbiology, parasitology, pathology, physiology, radiation effects, transplantation, ultrastructure, virology.

MeSH Record

History Note

79(75); was see under NEUROGLIA 1963-78

MeSH Record

Previous Indexing

  • Neuroglia (1966-1974)

MeSH Hierarchy

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NLM Classification

WL 101

AMA Style

References

  1. National Library of Medicine. Astrocytes. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH). 2026. Unique ID D001253. http://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/2026/D001253
  2. Astrocytes. In: Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astrocyte
  3. Astrocytes. In: Wikidata. https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q502961